Requirements are set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) for ATCO training to help maintain safe airspaces. ICAO’s requirements apply to all ATCOs across the globe. However, EASA’s requirements apply to ATCOs who work within Europe. 

Most people have heard of the term “radar waves” and are familiar with the idea that radio waves use radar to somehow “detect an object” that is out in the distance or out in an area somewhere.

This article describes signals and operation of an Instrument Landing System ILS, Distance Measuring Equipment DME and a VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR). This article requires an advanced knowledge of mathematics.

Radar technology is the spine of Air Traffic Control. But its success story is far from saturated. During the last 10 years radar started entering automotive technology, manufacturing and even e-health. This article gives a brief history of radar technology, from the first steps around Heinrich Hertz until now. 

The principle of a radar system consists of emitting a wave and receiving the reflected wave that was reflected by an object (target).

Exposure to common and not so common operational situations are a key component of air traffic control training. This is accomplished using highly-advanced simulators that create conditions for not only normal day-to-day operations that air traffic controllers are exposed to but also emergency and failure situations that they might not encounter often in real traffic.

This article discusses what an ATCO is and what training and training equipment is required to be licenced for international air traffic control.